Paris, the City of Light, is a dream destination for traveler's and architects alike and as I write this post here on December the 4th 2024 we are just 3 days away from Notre-Dame Cathedral reopening its doors to the public after the awful fire that shocked Paris and a lot of the world.
A fire that reminds us why architecture is so important and the power it can have upon locals, nationals and global citizens alike. As that spire fell to the ground and the flames soared; people stood in tears, their hands on their heads with a feeling of helplessness and deep sadness. It is not just 'a building' but a symbol, a story, a beacon of hope. The time it takes for such architecture to be created is no longer a driving factor for the buildings of today. It is this reason that makes the architecture of the past so terribly important, and why, as we spend our time here on earth, we should spend a bit of it simply observing the beauty and craftsmanship of those who contributed to such vast buildings across hundreds of years.
This is not to say that there is not joy in modern architecture, it is simply different. The industrial revolution giving us steel and glass allowing us to build skyward like never before and here in Paris there is an icon that exemplifies that in every way shape and form, one you may have heard of, a little tower called 'Eiffel Tower'!
The contrasts in this city are exquisite and for this reason Paris year on year attract visitors from across the globe to explore united in their cause to discover the best that humans have built. A culture trip that goes beyond architecture and into the art found at the Louvre and the cuisine and cafe culture that the French will undisputedly tell you is the best upon earth.
This is why here today at Backpackers Blueprint we are going give you 10 must-visit architectural wonders in Paris, along with 6 bonus options, so you can customise your itinerary and make the most of your time in this iconic city or take one of the walking tours with guru Paris Architecture tours linked above 👆 and don't forget to check out Paris architecture books below 👇. With that lets get into this starting with the aforementioned Tower.
The 16 Most Incredible Sites to Visit in Paris (With Ticket Info)
No.1. Eiffel Tower (La Tour Eiffel)
Year Built: 1889
Architect: Gustave Eiffel
Style: Iron lattice tower
Entry Fee: €18.10–€28.30 (depending on level and age)
Website: www.toureiffel.paris
Why it’s special: The Eiffel Tower is one of the most recognisable landmarks in the world. Constructed as a temporary centrepiece for the 1889 World’s Fair, it was initially met with skepticism but later became a global icon of engineering and artistry. Standing 330 meters tall, its lattice framework was revolutionary at the time, making it both lightweight and incredibly strong. The Eiffel Tower symbolises innovation and modernity while offering breathtaking views of Paris from its upper levels.
What to explore: Take the lift to the summit for panoramic city views, dine at Le Jules Verne restaurant, or stand on the glass floor observation deck on the first level.
No.2. Notre-Dame Cathedral
Year Built: 1163–1345
Architect: Various (Medieval artisans)
Style: French Gothic
Entry Fee: Free for the main cathedral; €12.50 for tower access
Website: www.notredamedeparis.fr
Why it’s special: A masterpiece of Gothic architecture, Notre-Dame is famed for its ornate flying buttresses, iconic gargoyles, and exquisite stained-glass rose windows. It has stood as a spiritual, cultural, and architectural landmark for over 850 years. After the devastating fire in 2019, its reconstruction is a testament to the world’s commitment to preserving history. It has also inspired countless works of art, literature, and films, making it one of Paris’ most beloved landmarks.
What to explore: Admire the façade’s intricate sculptures, visit the Treasury, or (when reopened) climb the towers for up-close views of the gargoyles and Paris’ skyline.
No.3. Sainte-Chapelle
Year Built: 1248
Architect: Pierre de Montreuil
Style: Gothic Rayonnant
Entry Fee: €11.50
Website: www.sainte-chapelle.fr
Why it’s special: This one is extremely high on my own bucket list why ... because of it 15 stunning stained-glass windows, each towering 15 meters high. Together, these windows depict over 1,000 biblical scenes in vibrant, jewel-like hues, creating an awe-inspiring effect when sunlight filters through. Built by King Louis IX to house relics of Christ, it remains a testament to the opulence and piety of medieval France can you image what it feels like to have the light coming through the windows to bathe you in all the colours of these biblical scenes. Quite a magical though. Not only this the front facade of this little gothic beauty looks like it defies gravity, the detailing is just marvellous If you head there first you may be able to miss the crowds.
What to explore: Take your time admiring the stained-glass artistry and observe how light transforms the space into a kaleidoscope of colour.
If this sort of gothic architecture is your medicine then make sure to have a look at my video exploring Ely cathedral (Below), which has some of the most stunning stained glass in the UK.
No.4. The Louvre Museum
Year Built: 1190 (Fortress), Renovated 1989 (Pyramid entrance)
Architect: I. M. Pei (Pyramid)
Style: Renaissance and Modern Glass Architecture
Entry Fee: €17 (online) or €15 (at the museum)
Website: www.louvre.fr
Why it’s special: The Louvre is the world’s most visited museum and home to over 38,000 artifacts, including Mona Lisa and Venus de Milo. Its architecture blends centuries of history, from the medieval fortress it once was to the iconic glass pyramid by I. M. Pei that serves as its entrance. This juxtaposition of old and new creates a dialogue between art, history, and architecture that is uniquely Parisian.
What to explore:Wander through its eight themed departments, marvel at masterpieces like The Wedding at Cana, and don’t forget to stroll through its courtyards for stunning photo opportunities.
No.5. Sacré-Cœur Basilica
Year Built: 1875–1914
Architect: Paul Abadie
Style: Romano-Byzantine
Entry Fee: Free for the basilica; €6 for dome access/ tour
Website: www.sacre-coeur-montmartre.com
Why it’s special: Sacré-Cœur’s alabaster-white domes are visible from almost anywhere in Paris. Its unique Romano-Byzantine style stands out against the predominantly Gothic and Neoclassical architecture of the city. Built after the Franco-Prussian War, the basilica symbolises peace and reconciliation. It also offers one of the best panoramic views of Paris, especially at sunset.
What to explore: Climb the dome for 360-degree views of Paris, and explore the surrounding Montmartre district, known for its artistic history, don't expect to be on your own however, this place can get very busy.
Architectural Gems in Paris
No.6 to No.10
No.6. Musée d'Orsay
Year Built: 1900 (as a train station), Converted 1986
Architect: Victor Laloux (Original), Gae Aulenti (Conversion)
Style: Beaux-Arts
Entry Fee: €16 (€13 reduced rate)
Website: www.musee-orsay.fr
Why it’s special:Originally a Beaux-Arts railway station, the Musée d'Orsay is a marvel of adaptive reuse architecture. Its grand clock and vaulted ceilings have been preserved, creating a dramatic backdrop for its impressive collection of Impressionist and Post-Impressionist art, including works by Monet, Van Gogh, and Renoir.
What to explore:Marvel at the grand clock, explore the art galleries, and visit the rooftop café for scenic river views.
No.7. Centre Pompidou
Year Built: 1977
Architect: Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers
Style: High-Tech Modern
Entry Fee: €15 (temporary exhibitions)
Website: www.centrepompidou.fr
Interactive Map: https://www.centrepompidou.fr/en/visit/interactive-map
Why it’s special: Taught about in architecture school across the globe, the Centre Pompidou is a bold statement in modern architecture, with its "inside-out" design featuring brightly coloured pipes, escalators, and exposed structural elements. It broke away from architectural norms giving a large proportion of the site to the public through the large Plaza. The building itself embodying a playful yet functional aesthetic that revolutionised contemporary design most of the structural elements are on the 'outside' if the building. This allowed the floor plates internally to be opened up as 'clean space. This is embodied in the High- Tech era that was lead by the likes of Richard Roger, Renzo Piano and Norman Foster.
What to explore: Visit the modern art collections, enjoy the rooftop terrace views, and explore the lively public square with its street performers.
For more on High-Tech architecture check out our blog post on 5 stunning high-tech buildings in London. Back to Paris however ...
No.8. Opéra Garnier (Palais Garnier)
Year Built: 1875
Architect: Charles Garnier
Style: Neo-Baroque
Entry Fee: €14 (self-guided tour)
Website: www.operadeparis.fr
Why it’s special:Palais Garnier is the epitome of 19th-century opulence, featuring ornate chandeliers, grand staircases, and a ceiling painted by Marc Chagall. Its Neo-Baroque design combines luxury with functionality, making it a cultural and architectural icon.
What to explore:Take a guided tour of the auditorium and backstage, or attend a live performance to fully immerse yourself in its splendor.
No.9. Arc de Triomphe
Year Built: 1806–1836
Architect: Jean Chalgrin
Style: Neoclassical
Entry Fee: €13 (adults)
Website: www.paris-arc-de-triomphe.fr
Why it’s special: Commissioned by Napoleon Bonaparte to celebrate his military victories, the Arc de Triomphe is adorned with intricate reliefs and inscriptions honouring French soldiers. Its central location on the Champs-Élysées makes it a focal point of Parisian pride.
What to explore: Climb to the rooftop for stunning views of the star-shaped avenues radiating from the monument.
10. Palace of Versailles
Year Built: 1624–1789
Architect: Louis Le Vau, Jules Hardouin-Mansart
Style: French Baroque
Entry Fee: €19.50 (Palace and gardens)
Website: https://en.chateauversailles.fr
Why it’s special: The Palace of Versailles is the epitome of royal extravagance. Its Hall of Mirrors, adorned with chandeliers and gilded details, reflects the height of French Baroque opulence. The sprawling gardens designed by André Le Nôtre are equally stunning, with perfectly manicured lawns, fountains, and sculptures.
What to explore: Explore the palace’s ornate interiors, stroll through the gardens, and visit Marie Antoinette’s rustic retreat at the Petit Trianon.
Bonus Picks: 5 More Architectural Gems in Paris
No.11. La Défense (Grand Arche)
Year Built: 1989
Architect: Johan Otto von Spreckelsen
Style: Modernist Arch
Why it’s special: This modern reimagining of the Arc de Triomphe is a striking cube that aligns perfectly with its older counterpart along the Axe historique. Its rooftop offers panoramic views of the city and La Défense's skyscrapers. If you want to get outside of the 'typical' tourists spots, this vast cube is in the heart of the commercial centre and giving you an insight to the modern side of the city. If you are looking for something slightly more modern, this is your spot.
No.12. Pantheon
Year Built: 1758–1790
Architect: Jacques-Germain Soufflot
Style: Neoclassical
Entry Fee: €11.50
Website: www.pantheon.monuments-nationaux.fr
Why it’s special: Built as a church, the Pantheon became a mausoleum for France’s greatest figures, including Voltaire and Marie Curie. Its domed design and Corinthian columns exemplify Neoclassical grandeur.
No.13. Place Sainte-Geneviève
Year Established: 18th Century (Square completed in its current form)
Key Landmark: The Pantheon
Style: Neoclassical and Parisian Urban Planning
Entry Fee: Free to visit the square; landmarks like the Pantheon have separate entry fees.
Why it’s special:Place Sainte-Geneviève, located in the historic Latin Quarter, is a serene and picturesque square steeped in Parisian history. Named after the patron saint of Paris, the square is anchored by the majestic Pantheon, whose domed Neoclassical design dominates the skyline. Around the square, you'll find cobblestone streets, quaint cafés, and charming bookshops, making it a popular spot for reflection and photography. Its elevated position offers breathtaking views of Paris, adding to its timeless charm.
Historically, this square has served as a hub for intellectuals and academics, given its proximity to landmarks like the Sorbonne University and the Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève, a stunning library showcasing Renaissance Revival architecture. Together, these elements make Place Sainte-Geneviève a microcosm of Paris’ intellectual and architectural history.
What to explore: Admire the Pantheon’s exterior and step inside to discover the tombs of notable figures like Voltaire and Victor Hugo. Visit the Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève to appreciate its cast-iron interiors and book-lined walls. Stroll around the square for postcard-worthy views of the Latin Quarter. Take in the local charm at nearby cafés, perfect for unwinding after exploring.
No.14. Pont Alexandre III
Year Built: 1900
Architect: Joseph Cassien-Bernard, Gaston Cousin
Style: Beaux-Arts
Entry Fee: Free to visit
Why it’s special: Decorated with gilded sculptures, this bridge is a symbol of Franco-Russian friendship and one of Paris’ most photogenic spots. It offers stunning views of the Seine and Eiffel Tower you may have seen it during the olympic ceremony where masses of boats sailed underneath it.
No.15. Louis Vuitton Foundation
Year Built: 2014
Architect: Frank Gehry
Style: Deconstructivism/ postmodernism
Entry Fee: €16
Website: www.fondationlouisvuitton.fr
Why it’s special: This futuristic structure of glass sails houses contemporary art exhibitions and has become a modern architectural marvel in Paris. Frank Ghery is renowned across the world for structures like the Bilboa Museum, if you are in Paris, do not pass up the chance to see an incredible piece by this star-architect.
No.16. Petit Palais
Year Built: 1900
Architect: Charles Girault
Style: Beaux-Arts
Entry Fee: Free
Website: www.petitpalais.paris.fr
Why it’s special: With its elegant colonnades and exquisite mosaics, the Petit Palais is both a work of art and a free museum. It offers a tranquil oasis amidst the bustling city.
Architectural Masterpieces on
Paris on the Map
Below you will find all of these architectural masterpieces on the map. If you have been to Paris then let us know you favourite piece of architecture or what you think should have made the list in the comments below.
Paris offers an eclectic mix of styles, each narrating a unique story of the city’s evolution. Whether you’re backpacking or on a quest for architectural discovery, these sites will leave you awestruck. Check out some of the very best tours with Guru where you can find an expert to get you a fantastic tour of the historical sites of Iconic Paris.
Let us know your favourite, and happy exploring! Don't forget to check out my top picks for gift ideas for your backpacking friend or for yourself if you are an intrepid traveller.
Until the next one.
Cheers
Jack x
For the curious explorer
Comments